Hướng dẫn làm bài"Western Immigration of Canada"IELTS READING

Bên cạnh Hướng dẫn làm bài"Western Immigration of Canada", IELTS TUTOR cũng cung cấp thêm PHÂN TÍCH ĐỀ THI 30/5/2020 IELTS WRITING TASK 2 (kèm bài sửa HS đạt 6.5)

Western Immigration of Canada

A. By the mid-1870s Canada wanted an immigrant population of agricultural settlers established in the West. No urban centres existed on the prairies in the 1870s, and rural settlement was the focus of the federal government’s attention. The western rural settlement was desired, as it would provide homesteads for the sons and daughters of eastern farmers, as eastern agricultural landfilled to capacity. As well, eastern farmers and politicians viewed western Canada, with its broad expanses of unpopulated land, as a prime location for expanding Canada’s agricultural output, especially in terms of wheat production to serve the markets of eastern Canada.

B. To bolster Canada’s population and agricultural output, the federal government took steps to secure western land. The Dominion of Canada purchased Rupert’s Land from the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1870. In 1872, the federal government enacted the Dominion Lands Act. This act enabled settlers so acquire 160 acres of free land, as long as settlers remained on their land for a period of three years, made certain minor improvements to the land, and paid a $10.00 registration fee. The Canadian government also created a Mounted Police Force in 1873. The Mounties journeyed west to secure the area for future settlers. By 1876 the NWMP had established themselves in the West. The major posts included Swan River, Fort Saskatchewan, Fort Calgary, Fort Walsh and Fort Macleod. All of these initiatives attracted a number of eastern Canadian settlers, as well as European and American immigrants, to Canada’s West, and particularly to the area of Manitoba.

C. The surest way to protect Canadian territory, and to achieve the secondary goal for joining British Columbia to the rest of the country, was to import large numbers of Eastern Canadian and British settlers. Settling the West also made imperative the building of a transcontinental railway. The railway would work to create an eastwest economy, in which western Canada would feed the growing urban industrial population of the east, and in return become a market for eastern Canadian manufactured goods.

D. Winnipeg became the metropolis of the West during this period. Winnipeg’s growth before 1900 was the result of a combination of land speculation, growth of housing starts, and the federal government’s solution in 1881 of Winnipeg as a major stop along the CPR. This decision culminated in a land boom between 1881 and 1883 which resulted in the transformation of hamlets like Portage la Prairie and Brandon into towns, and a large increase in Manitoba’s population. Soon, Winnipeg stood at the junction of three transcontinental railway lines which employed thousands in rail yards. Winnipeg also became the major processor of agricultural products for the surrounding hinterland.

E. The majority of settlers to Winnipeg, and the surrounding countryside, during this early period, were primarily Protestant English-speaking settlers from Ontario and the British Isles. These settlers established Winnipeg upon a British-Ontarian ethos which came to dominate the society’s social, political, and economic spirit. This British-Ontarian ethnic homogeneity, however, did not last very long. Increasing numbers of foreign immigrants, especially from Austria-Hungary and Ukraine soon added a new ethnic element to the recent British, the older First Nation Métis, and Selkirk’s settler population base. Settling the West with (in particular) Eastern Canadians and British immigrant offered the advantage of safeguarding the 49th parallel from the threat of American take-over, had not the Minnesota legislature passed a resolution which provided for the annexation of the Red River district. The Red River in 1870 was the most important settlement on the Canadian prairies. It contained 11,963 inhabitants of whom 9,700 were Métis and First Nations. But neighbouring Minnesota already had a population of over 100,000.

F. Not all of the settlers who came to western Canada in the 1880s, however, desired to remain there. In the 1870s and 1880s, economic depression kept the value of Canada’s staple exports low, which discouraged many from permanent settlement in the West. Countries including Brazil, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and the United States competed with Canada for immigrants. Many immigrants and thousands of Canadians chose to settle in the accessible and attractive American frontier. Canada before 1891 has been called “a huge demographic railway station” where thousands of men, women, and children were constantly going and coming, and where the number of departures invariably exceeded that of arrivals.”

G. By 1891 Eastern Canada had its share of both large urban centres and problems associated with city life. While the booming economic centres of Toronto and Montreal were complete with electricity and telephones in the cities’ wealthiest areas by the turn of the century, slum conditions characterised the poorest areas like the district known as ‘the Ward’ in Toronto. Chickens and pigs ran through the streets; privy buckets spilled onto backyards and lanes creating cesspools in urban slums. These same social reformers believed that rural living, in stark contrast to urban, would lead to a healthy, moral, and charitable way of life. Social reformers praised the ability of fresh air, hard work, and open spaces for ‘Canadianizing’ immigrants. Agricultural pursuits were seen as especially fitting for attaining this ‘moral’ and family-oriented way of life, in opposition to the single male-dominated atmosphere of the cities. Certainly, agriculture played an important part in the Canadian economy in 1891. One-third of the workforce worked on farms.

H. The Canadian government presented Canada’s attractions to potential overseas migrants in several ways. The government offered free or cheap land to potential agriculturists. As well, the government established agents and / or agencies for the purpose of attracting emigrants overseas. Assisted passage schemes, bonuses and commissions to agents and settlers and pamphlets also attracted some immigrants to Canada. The most influential form of attracting others to Canada, however, remained the letters home written by emigrants already in Canada. Letters from trusted friends and family members. Letters home often contained exaggerations of the ‘wonder of the new world.’ Migrant workers and settlers already in Canada did not want to disappoint, or worry, their family and friends at home. Embellished tales of good fortune and happiness often succeeded in encouraging others to come.

The Reading Passage has 7 paragraphs A-G.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

List of Headings

i. Not all would stay in Canada forever

ii. Government’s safeguard in the West

iii. Eastern Canada is full

iv. Built-up to the new infrastructure

v. An exclusive British domination in Ontario established ever since

vi. Ethnics and language make-up

vii. Pursuing a pure life

viii. Police recruited from mid-class families

ix. Demand of western immigration

x. Early major urban development of the West

xi. Attracting urban environment

xii. Advertising of Western Canada

Example: Paragraph A ix

14. Paragraph B

15. Paragraph C

16. Paragraph D

17. Paragraph E

18. Paragraph F

19. Paragraph G

20. Paragraph H

IELTS TUTOR dịch headings:

i. Không phải tất cả sẽ ở lại Canada mãi mãi

ii. Sự bảo vệ của chính phủ ở phương Tây

iii. Đông Canada đã đầy

iv. Tích hợp cơ sở hạ tầng mới

v. Sự thống trị độc quyền của Anh ở Ontario được thành lập kể từ đó

vi. Sắc tộc và ngôn ngữ tạo nên

vii. Theo đuổi một cuộc sống trong sáng

viii. Cảnh sát được tuyển dụng từ các gia đình trung lưu

ix. Nhu cầu nhập cư phương Tây

x. Sự phát triển sớm của các đô thị lớn ở phía Tây

xi. Thu hút môi trường đô thị

xii. Quảng cáo của Tây Canada

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý từ mới trong headings:

• safeguard (n) sự bảo vệ 
• Built-up 
• exclusive (adj) ngoại lệ   >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng từ "exclusive" tiếng anh
• domination (n) sự thống trị 
• Pursue (v) theo đuổi   >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng động từ"pursue"tiếng anh

Using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

IELTS TUTOR dịch câu hỏi:

• Với sự bão hòa của miền Đông Canada, khu vực nông thôn phía Tây sẽ cung cấp 21 ………………………… .. cho con cháu của những người miền đông 

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý từ mới trong câu hỏi:

• saturation (n) sự bão hoà 
• supply (v) cung cấp 
• descendant (n) hậu duệ

IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn phán đoán từ cần điền:

• Từ cần điền sẽ là noun vì phía trước có supply là verb 

IELTS TUTOR dịch câu hỏi:

• Các chính trị gia cũng tuyên bố rằng miền Tây có tiềm năng tăng 22 ………………………… .. của Canada theo 23 ………………………… .. cây trồng tiêu thụ ở miền Đông.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý từ mới trong câu hỏi:

• declare (v) công bố   >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng động từ"declare"tiếng anh
• potential (adj) tiềm năng 
• consume (v) tiêu thụ   >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng động từ "consume" tiếng anh

IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn phán đoán từ cần điền:

• Từ số 22 sẽ là noun vì sau đó có of, trước đó có increase là verb 
• Từ số 22 có thể là noun hoặc là adj bổ nghĩa cho danh từ crop 

IELTS TUTOR dịch câu hỏi:

• Chính phủ liên bang bắt đầu chuẩn bị và thực hiện nó. Đầu tiên, chính phủ mua đất từ ​​một 24…………………………… tư nhân, và cung cấp một cách hợp pháp một diện tích nhất định cho những người ở trong một khoảng thời gian hợp lí (phù hợp/đủ điều kiện)

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý từ mới trong câu hỏi:

• federal (adj) liên bang
• legally (adv) hợp pháp 
• qualifying (adj) phù hợp 

IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn phán đoán từ cần điền:

• Từ số 24, sẽ điền noun số ít vì trước đó có a và mang nghĩa là 1 cái gì đó tư nhân 

IELTS TUTOR dịch câu hỏi:

• Sau đó, đính kèm/kèm theo 25 ………………………… .. đã được tìm thấy để đảm bảo đất đai.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý từ mới trong câu hỏi:

• mounted (adj)
• secure (v) bảo đảm 

IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn phán đoán từ cần điền:

• Từ cần điền sẽ là noun số ít vì theo sau là was 

IELTS TUTOR dịch câu hỏi:

• Tuy nhiên, cách tốt nhất để bảo vệ công dân là xây dựng một 26 …………………………… .. để vận chuyển người di cư và hàng hóa giữa phương Tây và phương Đông.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý từ mới trong câu hỏi:

• migrant (n) người di cư 

IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn phán đoán từ cần điền:

• Từ cần điền sẽ là noun số ít vì trước đó là a 

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